Imboni yezimoto idlula ushintsho olukhulu, futhi enhliziyweni yalolu guquko kunezinhlelo ezithuthukisiwe zokusiza abashayeli, ezaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi i-ADAS. Ukuqonda incazelo ye-ADAS kubalulekile kunoma ibhizinisi elifuna ukutshala imali kubuchwepheshe bokuphepha kwezimoto—isho izinhlelo zikagesi ezisiza abashayeli ngesikhathi sokushayela nokupaka, zithuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngesimo nokunciphisa amaphutha omuntu. I-Mingshang izibeke njengomdlali obalulekile kulo mkhakha, inikeza iphothifoliyo ehlukahlukene nephumelelayo yezixazululo ze-ADAS ezihlangabezana nezidingo zokuhamba kwesimanje. Inkampani yethu ihlanganisa ubuchwepheshe beminyaka eminingi kanye nokuqonda okujulile kwezinselelo zangempela zokushayela ukuze ilethe izinhlelo ezithembekile nezinobuhlakani. Kusukela kuma-sensor arrays kuya kumayunithi okucubungula, zonke izingxenye zohlu lwethu lwe-ADAS ziklanywe ngokunemba nokuphepha njengomgomo oyinhloko. Siyabona ukuthi i-ADAS ezimotweni akuseyona into yokunethezeka kodwa isiyimfuneko ebalulekile kubaqhubi bezimoto, kuma-OEM, nakubahlanganisi bemakethe yangemuva. Ngokubeka phambili ukusebenza nokufinyeleleka kwentengo, i-Mingshang yenza ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha obusezingeni eliphezulu bufinyeleleke emakethe ebanzi. Ukuzibophezela kwethu ocwaningweni nokuthuthukiswa kuqinisekisa ukuthi sihlala sihamba phambili kwezitayela zemboni, sinikeza izixazululo ezikhula nezidingo zabashayeli emhlabeni wonke. Lesi sethulo esiyisingeniso sibeka isisekelo sokuhlola okujulile kwalokho okwenza iminikelo yethu ye-ADAS ibe ngokukhethekile ngempela. Kulo lonke leli athikili, sizohlola izici eziyinhloko, izinzuzo zokuncintisana, izindawo zokusetshenziswa, kanye nomgwaqo wesikhathi esizayo ochaza indlela ye-Mingshang yemigwaqo ephephile.

Enhliiziyweni yazo zonke izixazululo ze-ADAS zakwaMingshang kukhona ubuchwepheshe obuyinkimbinkimbi bokuhlanganisa izinzwa obuhlanganisa idatha evela kumakhamera, i-radar, i-lidar, kanye nezinzwa ze-ultrasonic ukuze kwakhiwe ukuqonda okuphelele kwendawo ezungezile imoto. Le ndlela yokusebenzisa imithombo eminingi iqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo aluncikile emthonjeni owodwa wedatha, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukubekezelela amaphutha nokunemba ezimweni ezahlukahlukene zokushayela. Ukucubungula ngesikhathi sangempela kungenye insika yobuchwepheshe bethu; amamojula ethu okucubungula asemaphethelweni ahlaziya idatha ngemizuzwana ukuze anikeze izexwayiso nokungenelela okusheshayo lapho kutholakala izingozi. Noma ngabe isexwayiso sokushayisana ngaphambili, ukuvimbela ukuphuma emgwaqeni, noma ukumisa okuzenzakalelayo okuphuthumayo, isivinini sokuthatha izinqumo singasho umehluko phakathi kokucasuka nokushayisana. Ukuthembeka kwakhiwe kuzo zonke izingqimba zezinhlelo zethu ngokuhlolwa okuqinile ngaphansi kwamazinga okushisa ashubile, ukudlidliza, nezimo zezulu ezifana nokusetshenziswa kwangempela. Futhi sifaka izindlela zokuyiphinda emisebenzini ebalulekile ukuze uma enye inzwa yehluleka, enye ithathe izintambo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ukuze kugcinwe ukuphepha. Isikhombimsebenzisi saklanyelwe ukuba sibe lula, sinikeze izinkomba ezicacile zokuzwa nokubona ngaphandle kokuminyanisa umshayeli ngolwazi oluningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amapulatifomu ethu e-ADAS asekela izibuyekezo ezingenantambo, okuvumela ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo nokwandiswa kwezici ngaphandle kokudinga ukushintshwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kokuhlanganisa izinzwa, ukusabela ngesikhathi sangempela, nokuthembeka okungaguquki kwenza uMingshang abe umlingani othembekile ezinhlanganweni ezifuna ukugqama. Izinhlelo zethu zakhelwe ukuthi zihlale isikhathi eside futhi zisebenze ngokungaguquki kusukela emayilini yokuqala kuya kweyokugcina.

Emakethe egcwele abahlinzeki be-ADAS, i-Mingshang iyehlukanisa ngezinzuzo ezintathu zamasu: ukonga izindleko, ukukhula, namandla okwenza ngendlela oyifisayo. Siye salungisa uchungechunge lwethu lokuhlinzeka nezinqubo zokukhiqiza ukuze silethe amasistimu asezingeni eliphezulu ngamanani angathwali imithwalo yezabelomali zemikhumbi noma amamajini ezimoto ze-OEM. Lobu buholi bezindleko abuzi ngokudela ukusebenza; kunalokho, bufinyelelwa ngezinqumo ezihlakaniphile zobunjiniyela ezisusa ubunkimbinkimbi obungadingekile kuyilapho kugcinwa imisebenzi eyisisekelo yokuphepha. Ukukhula kwakhelwe ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo wethu, okusho ukuthi isisekelo esifanayo singasetshenziswa esimotweni esincane, iloli elisindayo, noma imoto yezokuthutha ezimele ngobuncane bokwakhiwa kabusha. Lokhu kuvumelana nezimo kuvumela amakhasimende ethu ukuthi asebenzise uhlelo olulodwa lwe-ADAS kuyo yonke imikhumbi yawo, kwenze lula ukuqeqesha, ukunakekela, nokuphathwa kwempahla. Ukwenza ngendlela oyifisayo yilapho i-Mingshang ivelela khona—sisebenza eduze nekhasimende ngalinye ukulungisa amapharamitha wesistimu, ukucushwa kwezinzwa, nezintandokazi zokuxwayisa ukuze kuhambisane nezidingo ezithile zokusebenza. Isibonelo, imikhumbi yokuletha yomgomo wokugcina ingase ibeke phambili ukutholwa kwezihamba ngezinyawo ngejubane eliphansi nokugwema imigoqo, kuyilapho inkampani yamaloli amade idinga i-adaptive cruise control nokuqapha ukulala komshayeli. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela linikeza ukwesekwa okukhethekile phakathi nenqubo yokuhlanganisa, liqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uhambisana kahle nokusebenza kwekhasimende. Ngaphezu kwalokho, insiza yethu yangemva kokuthengisa ihlanganisa ukuxilongwa kude, ukuhlaziywa kokusebenza, nokusekelwa okuqhubekayo kokulinganisa ukuze kukhuliswe isikhathi sokusebenza. Lezi zinzuzo zokuncintisana zenze i-Mingshang yaba uzakwethu we-ADAS okhethwayo ezinhlanganweni emazwenikazi amaningi. Sikholelwa ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuphepha kufanele bufinyeleleke futhi buvumelane nezimo ukuze ngempela bube nomehluko emgwaqweni.

Ukusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwezixazululo ze-ADAS zakwaMingshang kusho ukuthi zisebenza ngokulinganayo ezimotweni zabagibeli, ezimotweni zezohwebo, kanye nasezinkundleni ezisafufusayo zezimoto ezizimele zokuthutha impahla. Ezimotweni zabagibeli, amasistimu ethu athuthukisa ukuphepha kokushayela kwansuku zonke ngokunikeza izici ezinjengokutholwa kwendawo engabonakali, ukuxwayiswa ngezimoto ezinqamula emuva, kanye nokuqashelwa kwezimpawu zomgwaqo okunciphisa ukukhathala komshayeli nokuvimbela izingozi ezivamile. Emkhakheni wezimoto zezohwebo, lapho amaloli amakhulu namabhasi esebenza amahora amaningi futhi athwala impahla ebalulekile, ubuchwepheshe bethu be-ADAS buhlinzeka ngezixwayiso ezibalulekile zokuphuma emzileni, ibanga lokulandela, kanye nokushayisana okuseduze okusiza abaphathi bezimpi zezimoto banciphise izindleko zomshwalense kanye nokuzibophezela. Ukuthutha impahla ngendlela ezimele kungumkhakha okhula ngokushesha, futhi izinkundla zethu ze-ADAS zisebenza njengomgogodla wokuqaphela nokwenza izinqumo wezimoto eziqondiswayo ezingxenyeni ezithile nezizimele ngokuphelele emakhaya okugcina impahla, emachwebeni, nasezindaweni zamakhampasi. Siphinde sakha izinqubo ezikhethekile zokulinganisa izimoto ezinobukhulu obuhlukile noma izici zomthwalo, siqinisekisa ukuthi ukuqondana kwezinzwa kuhlala kunembile kungakhathaliseki ukwakheka. Ukuzivumelanisa kwamasistimu ethu nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto kusekelwa ukwakheka kwemishini okwenziwa ngamamojula okuvumela ukufakwa kalula nokuhlanganiswa ngaphandle kokushintsha okukhulu emotweni. Amandla okuqopha idatha avumela abaphathi bezimpi zezimoto ukuthi babuyekeze imicimbi yokushayela futhi baqeqeshe abashayeli ngokuziphatha okuphephile, bedale isiko lokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izixazululo zethu ze-ADAS zihambisana nemithethonqubo namazinga okuphepha amazwe ngamazwe, okuhlanganisa lawo e-Euro NCAP nezinye iziphathimandla zesifunda. Lokhu kusebenza okubanzi kusho ukuthi noma ngabe ikhasimende lisebenzisa imoto eyodwa yomndeni noma izimoto eziyinkulungwane, uMingshang unesixazululo esifakazelwe esikulungele ukusetshenziswa. Siyaqhubeka nokwandisa uhlu lwethu lokusebenza ukuze sihlanganise izigaba ezintsha zezimoto njengoba isimo sokuhamba sithuthuka.

Umhlahlandlela wezobuchwepheshe we-Mingshang uqondiswa umbono wohlelo lokushayela oluxhumene ngokuphelele noluhlakaniphile, lapho ubuhlakani bokwenziwa besizukulwane esisha kanye nokuxhumana kwezimoto nazo zonke izinto (V2X) kuyingqikithi. Amathimba ethu ocwaningo nokuthuthukisa asebenza ngenkuthalo ekwakheni amamodeli okufunda ajulile athuthukisa ukunemba kokuhlukanisa izinto ngisho nasezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi, imvula enkulu, noma ezindaweni ezigcwele imigwaqo lapho ama-algorithms endabuko ehluleka khona. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwe-AI kuzokwenza amasistimu ethu e-ADAS akwazi ukubikezela ukuziphatha kwabahamba ngezinyawo, abagibeli bamabhayisikili, nezinye izimoto ngokunemba okukhulu, kudlulela ngalé kokuthola nje into ukuya ekuhloleni ubungozi ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuxhumana kwe-V2X kungenye insika enkulu yemikhiqizo yethu yesikhathi esizayo, okuvumela izimoto ezihlome ngamasistimu e-Mingshang ukuthi zixhumane nengqalasizinda yezokuthutha, ezinye izimoto, kanye nezinkundla zokuphatha izimoto ezisekelwe kwi-cloud. Lolu hlaka lokuxhumana luvula izimo zokuphepha ezisebenzisanayo njengokugwema ukushayisana empambanweni, ukunikezwa kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo ezimotweni eziphuthumayo, nokusakazwa kwengozi ngesikhathi sangempela emzileni. Sikhuthaza nokucubungula kwe-edge AI okwenza ukuhlaziya okuningi kusemshinini ngokwawo, kunciphisa ukubambezeleka nokuncika ekuxhumekeni kwe-cloud kuyilapho kugcinwa ubumfihlo bedatha. Umhlahlandlela wethu uhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa nezinsiza zemephu ezinemba okuphezulu ukuze kunikezwe ukutholakala kwezinga lomzila okusekela ukuzulazula okuthuthukile nokusebenza kokugcina umzila ngokuzenzakalelayo. Amandla okuthuthukisa nge-OTA azokwandiswa ukuze kulethwe izinguqulo ezintsha zamamodeli e-AI namaphakethe ezici kancane kancane, okwandisa impilo yokusebenza kwezingxenyekazi ezifakiwe. Ubambiswano nezinkampani ze-semiconductor nabahlinzeki be-software kuqinisekisa ukuthi siyafinyelela ezinkundleni zakamuva zokucubungula ezilungiselelwe imisebenzi yezimoto ye-AI. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwezobuchwepheshe nakho kuzothuthukisa amandla okushayela ngokuzenzakalelayo e-ADAS ezinkundleni zethu, kuvala igebe phakathi kosizo lokushayela nokuzenzakalela okunemibandela. I-Mingshang izibophezele ekwenzeni lezi zici zesizukulwane esisha zitholakale ngamanani entengo akhuthaza ukwamukelwa okubanzi, hhayi ezimotweni zikanokusho kuphela kodwa kulo lonke uhla lwezimoto.

Ukuqinisekiswa komhlaba wangempela yisona isilinganiso sangempela sanoma iyiphi isistimu ye-ADAS, futhi i-Mingshang iqoqe idatha ebanzi evela ekusetshenzisweni ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zokusebenza ukufakazela ukusebenza kobuchwepheshe bethu. Ohlelweni lwakamuva lokuhlola nenkampani yaseYurophu yezokuthutha esebenza ngamaloli asindayo angu-200, izixazululo zethu ze-ADAS zehlise izehlakalo zokuphuma emgwaqeni ngama-67% kanye nezexwayiso zokushayisana ngaphambili ngama-54% esikhathini sokuhlola sezinyanga eziyisithupha. Olunye ucwaningo olubandakanya imikhumbi yokugibela abantu eSoutheast Asia lwabonisa ukuthi izimoto ezihlome ngezistimu ze-Mingshang zaba nokuncipha kwama-42% ezingozini zokulimaza izimoto ezindaweni zokupaka kanye nemithelela enesivinini esiphansi, okwehlisa ngqo izindleko zokulungisa kanye nesikhathi sokungasebenzi kwezimoto. Izilinganiso zokusebenza ezenziwa ezikhungweni zokuhlola ezizimele zibonisa ukuthi i-sensor fusion pipeline yethu ifinyelela izinga lokutholwa elingama-98.7% lwezihamba ngezinyawo nabagibeli bamabhayisikili ngaphansi kwezimo zasemini, ngamazinga amanga amanga angamanga angaphansi kwezilinganiso zemboni. Ezimweni zokuhlola ezihlelekile zokuphula okuzenzakalelayo ngesivinini esifinyelela ku-50 km/h, izistimu zethu zilokhu zima ngaphakathi kwezibanga eziphephile ezindaweni ezomile, ezimanzi, nezinokubamba okuphansi. Siphinde senza izivivinyo zokuqapha ukukhathala komshayeli ezithole ukunemba okungaphezu kuka-90% ekutholeni izehlakalo zokulala kancane kanye nezigigaba zokuphazamiseka, okwenza izexwayiso ezisheshayo ezivimbela izingozi ezingaba khona. Le miphumela ayiyona nje ithiyori—ihumushela ku-ROI elinganisekayo kumakhasimende ethu ngokunciphisa izindleko zezingozi, amaprimiyamu omshwalense aphansi, kanye nokugcinwa okuthuthukile kwabashayeli. Ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela libuyekeza njalo idatha yezilinganiso ukuze lihlanganise ama-algorithms futhi liqhubekisele phambili imingcele yokusebenza. Sishicilela imiphumela ehlanganisiwe engaziwa ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze amakhasimende angaba khona akwazi ukuhlola izistimu zethu ngokuqhathanisa nezinikezelo zokuncintisana ngokungafihli. Lezi zifundo nezilinganiso zigcizelela ukuthembeka kanye nomthelela wangempela wobuchwepheshe be-ADAS ye-Mingshang.

Njengoba sibheka ikusasa lokuhamba, indima ye-ADAS ekwehliseni ukufa kwabantu emgwaqweni nasekuthuthukiseni ukunethezeka kokushayela ayinakucatshangwa kancane. I-Mingshang izinikele kulo msebenzi ngokuletha izinhlelo zokusiza abashayeli ezithuthukisiwe ezingezona nje ezobuchwepheshe obuphezulu kodwa futhi ezingokoqobo nezifinyeleleka ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo. Ukuzibophezela kwethu kuqala ngezindinganiso eziqinile zobunjiniyela futhi kunwebeka kuzo zonke izigaba zokusebenzelana namakhasimende, kusukela ekuboniswaneni kokuqala kuya ekusekelweni okuqhubekayo. Sikholelwa ukuthi ukuphepha emgwaqweni kuwumthwalo womphakathi wonke, futhi ubuchwepheshe bethu bunika amandla abashayeli, abaqhubi bezimoto, nabaphathi bengqalasizinda ukuthi benze izinqumo ezihlakaniphile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI namakhono e-V2X kuzoqhubeka nokukhulisa umthelela wethu, kudale inethiwekhi yokuphepha exhumanisayo evikela bonke abasebenzisi bomgwaqo. Siyamema ama-OEM, abaphathi bezimoto, nabalingani bezobuchwepheshe ukuthi bahlole ukuthi izixazululo ze-ADAS ze-Mingshang zingahlelwa kanjani ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zabo ezithile. Ngokukhetha i-Mingshang, awuthengi nje umkhiqizo—ujoyina inhlangano ebheke ekupheleni kwezingozi nasekuphepheni kwemigwaqo emikhulu emhlabeni wonke. Uhambo lwethu luyaqhubeka, futhi sihlala siqinile ekufuneni kwethu ubuchwepheshe obusindisa izimpilo. Ndawonye, singakha ikusasa lapho yonke uhambo luphetha ngokuphepha.

I-ADAS imele I-Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, ehlanganisa amasistimu kagesi asiza abashayeli ngokuzenzakalela imisebenzi ethile yokushayela, ukunikeza izexwayiso, nokuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngesimo esizungezile. Lawa masistimu asebenzisa izinzwa, amakhamera, nezingxenye zokucubungula ukuthola izingozi ezingaba khona futhi asize ngokupaka, ukugcina emzileni, ukuvimbela ukushayisana, nokunye. Inhloso ukunciphisa amaphutha omuntu nokuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwemigwaqo kubo bonke abasebenzisi.

Amasistimu e-ADAS akwaMingshang ezimoto zabagibeli afaka izici ezinjengokuxwayisa ngokushayisana ngaphambili, ukuxwayisa ngokuphuma emgqeni, ukuthola indawo engabonakali, nokumisa okuzenzakalelayo okuphuthumayo. Ngokuqapha ngokuqhubekayo indawo ezungezile yemoto nokunikeza izexwayiso noma ukungenelela ngesikhathi, la masistimu asiza abashayeli ukugwema izingozi ezivamile ezibangelwa ukuphazamiseka, ukukhathala, noma ukungaboni kahle. Idatha yangempela ikhombisa ukuncipha okukhulu kwamazinga ezehlakalo ngemva kokufakwa.

I-Mingshang ihlukaniswa ngokwezindleko eziphansi, ukukala emazingeni ahlukahlukene ezimoto, kanye nezinketho ezijulile zokwenza ngendlela ezihambisana nezidingo zokusebenza zekhasimende ngalinye. Sigcizelela nokuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa ukuze kube nokunemba okuphezulu, ukuhlolwa okuqinile kokwethembeka, kanye nokusekelwa okusheshayo kwangemva kokuthengisa okuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwesistimu isikhathi eside. Izinhlelo zethu ziklanyelwe ukuthi zibe nezindleko eziphansi futhi zicebe ngezici.

Yebo, i-Mingshang inikezela ngezixazululo ezikhethekile ze-ADAS eziklanyelwe izimoto zezohwebo, okuhlanganisa amaloli amade, amaveni okuletha, namabhasi. Lezi zinhlelo zibheka ubukhulu bezimoto ezinkulu, amabanga amade okubhuleka, kanye namahora amade okusebenza. Izici ezifana nokuqapha ukulala komshayeli, ukulawula ukuhamba ngokuzenzakalelayo, kanye nezexwayiso zokushayisana eceleni zibalulekile kakhulu ekusebenzeni kwezimoto zezohwebo.

Ukuhlanganiswa kwezinzwa kuhlanganisa idatha evela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezinzwa—amakhamera, i-radar, i-lidar, ne-ultrasonic—ukudala ukumelwa okuhlangene nokunembile kwendawo ezungeze imoto. Le ndlela ivimbela ukungabi namandla kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo lwezinzwa olulodwa, njengokusebenza kabi kwekhamera ebumnyameni noma ukungakwazi kwe-radar ukubona izinto ezimile. Umphumela uwuhlelo lokubona oluthembekile noluphelele.

I-AI iyingqikithi yezinkundla zethu ezintsha ze-ADAS, inika amandla ukuqashelwa kwezinto okuthuthukile, ukubikezela kokuziphatha, nokwenza izinqumo okuguquguqukayo. Amamodeli okufunda ajulile athuthukisa ukunemba kokuthola izinto ezimweni eziyinselele njengemvula, inkungu, noma ukukhanya okuphansi. I-AI iphinde inike amandla izici zokuqapha umshayeli ezithola ukukhathala nokuphazamiseka, futhi izoba ukhiye ekufinyeleleni amazinga aphezulu okushayela okuzenzakalelayo.

Yebo, uMingshang usakha amandla okuxhumana e-V2X (vehicle-to-everything) azovumela izimoto ukuthi zixhumane nezibani zomgwaqo, izimpawu zomgwaqo, ezinye izimoto, kanye namapulatifomu efu. Lokhu kunika amandla imisebenzi yokuphepha yokubambisana njengezexwayiso zokushayisana ezimpambanweni zomgwaqo, izexwayiso zezimoto eziphuthumayo, kanye nokwabelana ngezingozi ngesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwezimoto ezixhumene endaweni.

Izingxenyekazi zethu zidlula ekuhlolweni okubanzi kokuqinisekisa okuhlanganisa ukushintshashintsha kokushisa, ukuhlolwa kokudlidliza, ukuchayeka komswakama, kanye nokuhlolwa kokuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic. Saklama ukuphindaphinda ezingxenyeni ezibalulekile ukuze ukwehluleka kwengxenye eyodwa kungabeki impilo engozini. Ukukhiqiza kulandela amazinga ekhwalithi ezimoto, futhi iyunithi ngayinye iyalinganiswa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okungaguquki.

Impela. I-Mingshang isebenza eduze nekhasimende ngalinye ukumisa ukubekwa kwezinzwa, imingcele yokuxwayisa, amasethi ezici, kanye nezintandokazi zokurekhoda idatha ukuze kufane nokuqondiswa kokusebenza okuthile. Ubuchwepheshe bethu bemodular hardware nesofthiwe benza ukwenza ngokwezidingo kube lula, futhi ithimba lethu lobunjiniyela linikeza ukwesekwa kokuhlanganiswa phakathi nenqubo yokusetshenziswa.

Imikhumbi ngokuvamile ibona i-ROI ngokwehlisa izindleko zezingozi, amaprimiyamu omshwalense aphansi, ukuncipha kwesikhathi sokungasebenzi kwemoto, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokugcinwa kwabashayeli. Izifundo zezigameko zibonisa ukwehla kwezindleko ezihlobene nokushayisana ngama-40-60% onyakeni wokuqala wokusetshenziswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqeqeshwa kwabashayeli okusekelwe kudatha ye-ADAS kuholela emikhubeni yokushayela ephephile ephinde yehlise izindleko zokusebenza zesikhathi eside.